Bioelectronics for controlling skeletal muscles by neuro-electrical coded signals

ABSTRACT

Bioelectronics for controlling a skeletal muscle by means of a neuro-electrical coded signal. An actual neuro-coded signal that is naturally generated in a body and operative in control of a skeletal muscle can be collected from a nervous network and stored in a database associated with an electronic device. An implantable muscle control device having one or more electrodes can be directly attached to an appropriate nerve leading to one or more target skeletal muscles associated with a subject. The actual neuro-coded signal can be then selected from the database and broadcasted to the implantable device associated with the subject via a neuro-code transmission approach in order to activate and regulate the affected skeletal muscles.

CROSS-REFERENCE AND PRIORITY TO PATENT APPLICATIONS

This patent application is a continuation of U.S. patent applicationSer. No. 13/225,013 entitled “System and Method for Controlling SkeletalMuscles by Means of Neuro-Electrical Coded Signals,” which was filed onSep. 2, 2011 and is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/225,013 claimed the benefit under 35U.S.C. §119(e) of U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 61/417,724,entitled “System and Method for Controlling Skeletal Muscles by Means ofNeuro-Electrical Coded Signals,” which was filed on Nov. 29, 2010 and isalso incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. This patentapplication therefore claims priority to the Nov. 29, 2010 priority dateof the aforementioned U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 61/417,724.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

Embodiments are generally related to skeletal muscle control systems andmethods. Embodiments are also related to neuro-electrical coded signals.Embodiments are additionally related to methods and systems forcontrolling a skeletal muscle by means of a neuro-electrical codedsignal.

BACKGROUND

The principal skeletal muscles with respect to the shoulder, arm,forearm, wrist, fingers and legs associated with a human being or ananimal are operated by the brain via a nerve signal. Muscle contractionand movement can be coordinated and commanded by many parts of thebrain, including the cerebral cortex, cerebellum and brainstemstructures. Instructions in the form of a neuro-electrical signal travelto the muscles and cause graduated course or fine motor movements toaccomplish a designated task.

Locomotion from place to place via arm, leg and other muscular movementsare common to the human and all other mammalian life. In the process ofsteering and directing the actions of muscles over the entire body, thebrain accomplishes the duties and desires of everyday life in humans andanimals. The nerves as electrically coded signals carry Neuro electricalsignals, which are transmitted from the brain to a muscle to command itto contract. Such natural signals vary by the type and assemblage ofneuron(s) participating in the signal. A neuron is a cell that possessesthe capacity to generate a repeatable electrical signal. Signalcomponents may vary regarding the voltage, frequency and amplitudechange to make the muscle perform its duty.

Muscles generally require a source of nutrients and oxygen, which can besupplied by the blood stream and intact nerves to carry commands. Theneuro commands to the muscle occur in the form of the neuro-electricalcoded signals via an efferent nerve that originate in the centralnervous system (brain) and later conduct the signals on the peripheralnervous system. Biological and positional status information can bepassed from the muscle to the brain by an afferent nerve to coordinateand signal that the muscle movement has been completed or is in theprocess of being completed. Balance and fine motor movements are thefinal actions and reactions that complete the task(s).

The sciatic nerve is the principal nerve for neuro-coded operation ofthe leg in animals and humans. Locomotion of the leg is possible vianeuro-coded signals emanating from the brain, which are carried by theperipheral nerves of the sciatic and its branches. In the un-diseasedand uninjured human or animal the movement from place to place, thehandling of food, tools, clothing and other implements of daily lifeoccurs effortlessly and as the owner of the muscles and brain desires.Motor movements can be impaired by disease, injury of muscles, or bycrushed or severed nerves. Specific injuries to the brain, spinal cordor skeleton as well as lack of oxygen and other nutrients because ofcardiovascular failure or damage to the respiratory tract can occur anddamage muscle operation. The ability to cause muscle movement in humansor animals with spinal or other injuries make it impossible, difficultor painful to move skeletal muscles.

Based on the foregoing, it is believed that a need exists for animproved system and method for providing a normal muscular activity bymeans of a natural and actual neuro-electrical signal that regulate thegenerally smooth, ever changing improved system and method forcontrolling the skeletal muscles by means of the neuro-electric codedsignal, as described in greater detail herein.

SUMMARY

The following summary is provided to facilitate an understanding of someof the innovative features unique to the disclosed embodiments and isnot intended to be a full description. A full appreciation of thevarious aspects of the embodiments disclosed herein can be gained bytaking the entire specification, claims, drawings, and abstract as awhole.

It is, therefore, one aspect of the disclosed embodiments to provide foran improved skeletal muscle control system and method.

It is another aspect of the disclosed embodiments to provide for animproved system and method for controlling the skeletal muscles by meansof a neuro-electric coded signal.

It is a further aspect of the disclosed embodiments to provide for animproved method and system for directly broadcasting the neuro-electriccoded signal to activate and regulate the affected skeletal muscles.

The aforementioned aspects and other objectives and advantages can nowbe achieved as described herein. A system and method for controlling askeletal muscle (e.g., shoulder, arm, forearm, wrist, fingers and legs)by means of a neuro-electrical coded signal is disclosed herein. Anactual neuro-coded signal that are naturally generated in a body and areoperative in control of a skeletal muscle can be collected from anervous network and stored in a database associated with an electronicdevice. An implantable muscle control device having one or moreelectrodes can be directly attached to an appropriate nerve leading toone or more target skeletal muscles associated with a subject. Theactual neuro-coded signal can be then selected from the database andbroadcasted to the implantable device associated with the subject via aneuro-code transmission approach in order to activate and regulate theaffected skeletal muscles.

The actual neuro-coded signal can be collected from a subject (e.g.,human or animals) being treated and/or from other subjects. Theneuro-coded signal can be transmitted to the target area of the subjectvia a constant current method or a constant voltage method. In theconstant current method, a positive and a negative probe (the negativeprobe located cranial to the positive probe) can be attached to thetarget nerve. The current supplied by the electronic device isconsistent and repeatable throughout the delivery of the neuro codedelectrical signal and the voltage level fluctuates as the resistancechanges. A ground connection can also be made between the interiormuscles and an earth ground. In the constant voltage method, a signalprobe can be attached to the target nerve. While the signal probe iscapable of providing both the positive and negative portions of theneuro-code, only the positive portion of the neuro-code can be employedto stimulate the nerve. A ground connection is similarly made betweenthe interior muscles and an earth ground.

The neuro-coded signals that operate a sciatic nerve associated with aleg can be recorded and utilized to activate the target muscle of theleg via the sciatic nerve. The electronic device controls the selectedneuro-electric coded signals for application to the subject to adjustand control the normal skeletal muscle movements. The subject or anassistant can operate the electronic device. The frequency and amplitudeof the electrical neuro-coded signals can be electrically varied so asto cause normal, fast or slow muscle movement as well as deeper or lessmovement in order to meet the demand of the brain.

The implantable device and the electrodes can be implanted by a surgicalprocess to arrive in close proximity of the muscles or placed on theskin in order to transmit the codes into the muscles of the subject.Such codes can also be transmitted to the muscles via light, sound orseismic approaches. The electronic device can generate bio-responsiveelectrical waveforms that activate, deactivate or adjust the muscles.Such operative electrical neuro-coded signal can be reproduced in theskeletal muscles throughout the body in order to control balancelocomotion, heavy lifting or the finest motor skills with respect to thesubject.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

The accompanying figures, in which like reference numerals refer toidentical or functionally-similar elements throughout the separate viewsand which are incorporated in and form a part of the specification,further illustrate the present invention and, together with the detaileddescription of the invention, serve to explain the principles of thepresent invention.

FIG. 1 illustrates a perspective view of a skeletal muscle controlsystem associated with a subject, in accordance with the disclosedembodiments;

FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary waveform signal related to a skeletalmuscle operation, in accordance with the disclosed embodiments;

FIG. 3 illustrates a high level flow chart of operation illustratinglogical operation steps of a method for controlling the skeletal musclesby means of the neuro-coded electric signal, in accordance with thedisclosed embodiments;

FIG. 4 illustrates a perspective view of a nerve leading to a targetskeletal muscle in association with a single electrode, in accordancewith the disclosed embodiments; and

FIGS. 5-6 illustrate a perspective view of the nerve leading to thetarget skeletal muscle in association with a couple of electrodes, inaccordance with the disclosed embodiments.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The particular values and configurations discussed in these non-limitingexamples can be varied and are cited merely to illustrate at least oneembodiment and are not intended to limit the scope thereof.

Natural movement with respect to a subject may require transmitting anelectrically reproduced neuro waveform or coded signal into one or moremuscles, including muscles throughout the entire body to control balancelocomotion, heavy lifting or the finest motor skills such as, forexample, threading a needle, writing information, drawing pictures witha pencil, brush or chisel on a stone tablet. The skeletal muscle controlsystem and method described herein employs the actual naturallyoccurring appropriate neuro coded signals to a human or animal musculararray located on the skeleton to activate kinetic, locomotion, finemotor skills, flight, hunting or combat efforts. Such acquired actualneuroelectrical signals can be also employed to adjust or modulate themuscle action via conduction or broadcast of the coded signals intoselected nerves as represented by the arms, legs, fingers or foot. Thebroadcasting of the natural signals can be exerted on the necessarymuscles as relates to function(s) required by the central nervous systemof humans and animals.

The skeletal muscle control system 100 generally includes an electronicdevice 120 associated with a neuro code-signaling module 160 associatedwith a database 190. The control system 100 further includes animplantable muscle control device 150 attached with appropriate nervesleading to one or more target muscles 180 of a subject 110. Theelectronic device 120 can be configured to record a neuro-coded signal170 naturally generated in a body of the subject 110 and are operativein control of the skeletal muscle 180 from a nervous network. Theelectronic device 120 can be a self-contained portable scientificcomputer or can be enslaved to a scientific computer as a system. Theelectronic device 120 can include a menu of operative neuro-codedsignals 170 that may be cataloged in a database 190 associated with theelectronic device 120. The subject 110 or an assistant in order toaccomplish single or multiple muscle movements with respect to thesubject 110 and thereby accomplish necessary tasks can easily operatethe electronic device 120.

Note that the term “nervous network”, as utilized herein, refers to acentral nervous system, including the spinal cord, medulla, pons,cerebellum, midbrain, diencephalon and cerebral hemispheres, and thecranial and peripheral nervous systems, including the neurons and glia.The terms “neuro-coded signal” and “waveform signal”, as utilizedherein, refers to a composite electrical signal that is generated in thebody and carried by neurons in the body, including neuro codes, neurosignals and components and segments thereof. The term “skeletal muscle”,as utilized herein, refers to a striated muscle, normally having atleast one attachment to the skeletal system, whose contraction andextension can be controlled or mediated by cognitive action.

The term “target muscle”, as utilized herein, means and includes,without limitation, a region of the body proximal to a portion of thenervous system whereon the application of electrical signals can inducethe desired neural control with the direct application (or conduction)of the signals to a target nerve. The terms “patient” and “subject”, asutilized herein, refers to humans and animals. The term “plexus”, asutilized herein, means and includes a branching or tangle of nervefibers outside the central nervous system. The term “ganglion”, asutilized herein, refers to a group or groups of nerve cell bodieslocated outside the central nervous system. The terms “skeletal muscleimpairment” and “skeletal muscle disorder”, as utilized herein, refer toany dysfunction of a skeletal muscle that impedes the normal functionthereof. Such dysfunction can be caused by a multitude of known factorsand events, including, without limitation, spinal cord injury andseverance, a brain tumor, multiple sclerosis, cerebral palsy andinvoluntary muscle contractions.

The neuro-coded signals 170 can be recorded by attaching an electrode175 to a nerve associated with the subject 110, and the coded electricwaveform from the nerve can be received. Note that the neuro-codedsignals 170 can be acquired from the same subject to which the generatedsignals 170 are transmitted or a different subject. A digital convertertransforms the neuro-coded signals 170 from an analog format into adigital format, which is more suitable for computer processing. Theneuro-coded signals 170 can be stored in the database 190 associatedwith the electronic device 120 where the signals 170 can be processed,stored, adjusted, and/or broadcast, as desired. Note that the skeletalmuscle control system 100 can record the operative neuro-coded signals170 in the nerves leading to each of the skeletal muscle 180 associatedwith the arm, forearm wrist, hand, legs and figures of the subject 110.

The disclosed embodiments work by recording the signals in the nervesleading to each of the skeletal muscles associated with the arm,forearm, wrist, hand legs and fingers in humans and animals. One examplefor recording the neuro-coded signals 170 that operate the skeletalmuscle 180 of the subject 110 is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 7,308,302,entitled “Device and method to record, store and broadcast specificbrain waveforms to modulate body organ functioning,” which isincorporated herein by reference in its entirety. The illustration ofskeletal muscles, which can be controlled and regulated by theneuro-electrical coded signals 175, is disclosed in U.S. PatentApplication Publication No. US20050288732, entitled “Method and systemto control skeletal muscles by means of neuro-electrical coded signals,”which published on Dec. 29, 2005 is also incorporated herein byreference. A further example of recording the neuron generated waveformcodes is disclosed in U.S. Patent Application Publication No.US20040260360, entitled “Skeletal muscle control by means ofneuro-electrical signals,” which published on Dec. 23, 2004 is alsoincorporated herein by reference. It is understood that such patentapplications represent merely non-limiting examples of some types ofapproaches that may be modified for use with alternative embodiments.

Referring to FIG. 2, an exemplary neuro-coded signal 170 that areoperative in the control of the skeletal muscle is illustrated. Theneuro-coded signal 170 generated in the body that are operative in thecontrol of skeletal muscles 180 can be captured and transmitted to thedatabase 190 associated with the electronic device 120. The storedsignals 170 can subsequently be employed to establish at least one,preferably, multiple base-line skeletal muscle waveform signals. Theimplantable muscle control device 150 in association with one or moreimplantable electrodes 175 can be attached to the nerves (e.g., sciaticnerve) leading to the target muscles 180 of the subject 110.

The neuro-code signaling module 160 can be employed to select the actualneuro-coded signal 170 from the database 190 and broadcast to theimplantable device 150 associated with the subject 110 via a constantcurrent or constant voltage method in order to activate and regulate theaffected skeletal muscles 180. The implantable muscle control device 150is in direct contact with the body and receives the neuro-coded signal170 from the signaling module 160. The signaling module 160 permits theelectronic device 120 to regulate the signal transmission into the body.The signaling module 160 and the implantable muscle control device 150can be entirely separate elements allowing the device to be operatedremotely.

The signaling module 160 can be unique, or can be any conventionaldevice, which can provide neuro-coded signals 170 for transmission tothe implantable muscle control device 150. Note that as utilized herein,the term ‘module’ may refer to a physical hardware component and/or to asoftware module. In the computer programming arts, such a software“module” can be implemented as a collection of routines and datastructures that performs particular tasks or implements a particularabstract data type. Modules of this type are generally composed of twoparts. First, a software module may list the constants, data types,variable, routines, and so forth that can be accessed by other modulesor routines. Second, a software module can be configured as animplementation, which can be private (i.e., accessible only to themodule), and which contains the source code that actually implements theroutines or subroutines upon which the module is based.

Therefore, when referring to a “module” herein, reference is generallymade to such software modules or implementations thereof. Themethodology described herein can be implemented, for example, as aseries of such modules or as a single software module. Such modules canbe utilized separately or together to form a program product that can beimplemented through signal-bearing media, including transmission mediaand recordable media. The present invention is capable of beingdistributed as a program product in a variety of forms, which applyequally regardless of the particular type of signal-bearing mediautilized to carry out the distribution.

Examples of signal-bearing media can include, for example,recordable-type media, such as USB drives, Flash drives, hard diskdrives, DVD media, CD ROMs, CD Rs, etc., and transmission media, such asdigital and/or analog communication links. Examples of transmissionmedia can also include devices such as moderns, which permit informationto be transmitted over standard telephone lines and/or the more advanceddigital communications lines.

The implantable device 150 may be an electrode, antenna, a seismictransducer, or any other suitable form of conduction attachment forbroadcasting the neuro-coded signals 170 that regulate or operatemuscular function in human or animals. The implantable device 150 can beattached to appropriate nerves, the cervical spine, the neck, or anyskeletal muscles in a surgical process. Such surgery can be accomplishedwith a keyhole entrance in a thoriac or limb stereoscope procedure. Ifnecessary a thoracotomy approach may be required for more properplacement of the implantable device 150. Neuro-coded signals 170 knownto modulate skeletal muscle function may then be transmitted into nervesthat are in close proximity with the brain stem.

The surgical treatment may necessitate a minimal piercing of the skin inorder to prevent deleterious attenuation of a low energy waveform signalby the electrical resistance of the skin. The implantable device 150 maybe inserted into a body cavity or limb and may pierce the mucinous orother membranes so as to arrive in close proximity of the muscle intothe cerebral cortex at a point where the normal signal would haveemerged. Signals known to modulate muscle action or function may then betransmitted to the brainstem, spinal cord or parts of the mid brainitself. The electrodes 175 may also pierce the skull in any region toactivate motor function by means of the actual neuro-coded signals 170.A mouth or nasal entrance to the brain cortex can be influenced as toeither its afferent inputs or efferent outputs by implanting theimplantable device within its structure or in close proximity. Theimplantable device 150 may also be injectable or otherwise inserted orapplied along the cervical spine or on the neck. The required musclecontraction force and rate (speed) may then be controlled by neuro-codedwaveforms generated by the device.

A representative sampling of the muscles which can be controlled andregulated by neuro-electrical coded signals 175 can be, for example,muscles of the truck such as, for example, multifidis, transverseabdominis, rectus abdominis, quadrates lumborum, iliacus, internal andeternal intercostals, internal and external oblique, rotators anderector spinae. The muscles of the head, face and neck that includeoccipitofrontails, masseter, temporalis, and sternocleidomastoideus. Themuscles of the hip and thigh that include quadriceps, hamstrings,adductors, Sartorius, piriformis, hip roatators, gluteus maxiums, medius& minimus and pectineus. The muscles of the shoulder and the arm to theelbow that includes levator scapulae, pectoralae, deltoids, biceps,triceps, subcapularis, infra and supraspinatae, rhomboids and trapezius,coracobrachialis, brachialis, latisimus dorsi. The muscles of the handand lower arm that include finger digitorus extensor, supinator, finger& wrist flexors, pronator teres and brachio radialis. The muscles offoot and leg that include flexor digitorm longus, flexor hallucislongus, soleus, fibularis longus and brevis, extensor digitorum longus,extensor hallucis longus and tibialis anterior. Note that therepresentative sampling of the muscles are described for purposes ofclarity and specificity; however, they should not be interpreted aslimiting features of the disclosed invention.

The coded signals 170 related to skeletal muscle operation and controloriginate in various brain structures. The waveform signals 170 can bedirectly transmitted into the affected muscles 180. The waveform signals170 that control the noted skeletal muscles of the shoulder, arm, wristand hand can be also transmitted through the brachial plexus, and theradial, median and ulnar nerves. The waveform signals 170 that control atarget skeletal muscle or muscles 180 can be captured or collected alongany of the nerves carrying the waveform signals 180 to the targetskeletal muscle. By way of example, the waveform signals 170 transmittedto the abductor pollicis muscle of the hand can be captured from thebrachial plexus.

The electronic device 120 can supply the operative neuro-coded signals170 in the form of neuro coded waveforms in order to permit more-or lessnormal muscle movement in the subject 110. The operative neuro-codedsignals 170 can be regenerated from an internal or external place orpoint of the body for medical treatment so as to cause normal and usualmovement in the muscle 180 of the subject 110. The operative neuro-codedsignals 170 with respect to the subject 110 can be electrically variedas to frequency and amplitude in order to cause normal, fast or slowmuscle movements as well as deeper or less movements with respect to thedemand of the brain of the subject 110.

Note that the neuro-coded signals 170 can also be transmitted via light,sound or seismic approaches. The neuro-coded signal 170 occurs naturallyas a burst signals followed by a pause and then another burst of neuronactivity followed by a pause and so it is on and on throughout life. Thesignal amplitude or time of pause can be varied to accomplish the muscledeed required. Muscle activity requires variable repetitive neuro-codedsignals 170 as humans or animals move. Various muscles operate insymphonic pattern being conducted by the brain to accomplish the missionassigned. The adequate but variable space between the signals permitssynchronization of movement into smooth actions.

FIG. 3 illustrates a high level flow chart of operation illustratinglogical operation steps of a method 300 for controlling the skeletalmuscles 180 by means of the neuro-coded signals 170, in accordance withthe disclosed embodiments. Note that in FIGS. 1-6 identical or similarblocks are generally indicated by identical reference numerals. Theactual neuro-coded signal 170 that are naturally generated in a body andare operative in control of a skeletal muscle can be collected from anervous network as indicated at block 310. The actual neuro-coded signal170 can be stored into the database 190 associated with the electronicdevice 120, as illustrated at block 320. The term “neuro-coded signal”,as used herein, include a composite electrical signal that is generatedin the body and carried by neurons in the body, including neuro codes,neuro signals and components and segments thereof. The implantablemuscle control device 150 having one or more electrodes 175 can bedirectly attached to appropriate nerve leading to the target muscles 180of the subject 110, as depicted at block 330.

The actual neuro-coded signal 170 can be selected to activate andregulate the affected skeletal muscles 180, as indicated at block 340.The actual neuro-coded signal 170 can be broadcasted to the implantabledevice 150 associated with subject 110 via constant current or constantvoltage method, as illustrated at block 350. The operative neuro-codedsignals 170 can be bio-responsive electrical waveforms 170 that can beemployed to activate, deactivate, or adjust operations of the muscles180 associated with the subject 110.

The constant current approach requires that the current supplied by theelectronic device 120 is consistent and repeatable throughout thedelivery of the neuro-coded signals 170. Such approach permits thevoltage level to fluctuate as the resistance changes and thereby createsa movement in the skeletal muscle 180 of the subject 110. Similarly, theconstant voltage approach requires that the voltage supplied by theelectronic device 120 is consistent and repeatable throughout thedelivery of the neuro-coded signals 170 to the muscles 180 of thesubject 110. The movement of skeletal muscles 180 can be controlledutilizing the actual neuro-coded signals 170, as depicted at block 360.

FIG. 4 illustrates a perspective view of a nerve 400 leading to a targetskeletal muscle 180 in association with a signal electrode 410, inaccordance with the disclosed embodiments. The electrode 410 can beconfigured in association with the nerve 400 utilizing a catheter 420.In general, the catheter 420 can be a tube inserted into a body cavity,duct, or vessel to thereby permit drainage, injection of fluids, oraccess by surgical instruments. The process of inserting the catheter420 is catheterization. The catheter 420 can be a thin, flexible tube,though in some uses, it is a larger, solid catheter. The catheter 420left inside the body, either temporarily or permanently, may be referredto as an indwelling catheter. A permanently inserted catheter 420 may bereferred to as a permcath.

The neuro-coded signals 170 can be transmitted to the subject 110 via aconstant voltage method. In the constant voltage method, the signalelectrode 410 can be attached to the nerve 400 associated with thesubject 110 that is to be stimulated. The signal electrode 410 iscapable of providing both the positive and negative portions of theneuro-coded signals 170. The system 100 can only utilize the positiveportion of the neuro-coded signal 170 for stimulating the nerve 400. Theconstant voltage method is based on the magnetic properties of theelectrode 410 and the nerve 400 associated with the subject 110. Theskeletal nerve 400 can be for example, phrenic nerve that includes anefferent bundle 430 and an afferent bundle 440.

The electrode 410 can be placed in association with the nerve 400 byseparating the efferent bundle 430 from the afferent bundle 440. Theelectrode 410 can be coated with an insulator in order to permit furtherinsulation. The gradation of the muscle movement can be accomplished byslight or great changes in applied neuro coded voltage. The electrode175 can be attached or implanted to intersect with multiple nerves whichare active in the control of muscle or system of muscles 180 required byquadriplegic or paraplegic patients to provide locomotion or anyskeletal muscle activity for any purpose deemed to be useful in medicaltreatment of the subject 100. The electrode 175 can be in the form of arod, flat, wire or any appropriate shape that is capable of receivingbroadcasted neuro-coded signals from the electronic device 120. Thevoltage changes in the electronic device 120 can cause movement in theskeletal muscle 180 that is proportional to higher or lower voltage. Forexample, the neuro-coded signal 170 delivered at a slightly highervoltage can cause a stronger and larger muscle movement. Similarly, theneuro-coded signal 170 delivered at a lower voltage can cause a less orsmaller movement of the target muscle.

FIGS. 5-6 illustrate a perspective view of the nerve 400 leading to thetarget skeletal muscle 180 in association with a couple of electrodes510 and 520, in accordance with the disclosed embodiments. The constantcurrent method requires that a positive and a negative electrode 510 and520 are attached to the nerve 400 associated with the skeletal muscle180 to be stimulated. The distance between the electrodes 510 and 520can be, for example, 2 cm and a ground connection can be made betweenthe interior muscles 180 and an earth ground. Electrical grounding matsor grounding straps can be generally employed to ground the muscle 180in order to minimize electrical noise and make handing of the nervesignals more exact. Note that the grounding straps, mats and any othergrounding connections with respect to the system 100 can be electricallyconnected to the same ground for obtaining proper results with respectto the functioning of the muscles 180.

The electrodes 510 and 520 can be implanted into the nerve 400 of thesubject 110 via a keyhole surgical entrance. The electrodes 510 and 520can be inserted at an appropriate level of any technically appropriatearea or point such as points 610 and 620 of the muscle 400 to makespecific attachment or synapse point required for treatment. The fulllength of the catheter 420 can be split and sewn back together once theelectrodes 510 and 520 and the nerve loop are in place. The musclecontraction force and rate can be further controlled by the neuro-codedsignals 170 generated by the electronic device 120. The electrodes 510and 520 can be directly implanted on the nervous system of the selectedmuscle or muscle ganglion in order to transmit the signals to controlthe muscle function. Such implementation the electrodes 510 and 520 canbe pre-synaptic or post-synaptic.

The neuro-coded signal 170 associated with the subject 110 can include apreferred neuro electrical code to accomplish smooth naturally expectedmuscle movement in the subject 110. An improper code in the subject 110can tend to cause a harsh or unnatural muscle movement. The operativeneuro-coded signals 170 can be similar to naturally produced signalsfrom brain structures of the subject 110 for balancing and controllingvarying operations such as for example, but not limited to, bending,pulling, lifting, stretching, twisting or other bilateral or singularmuscular actions of the shoulder, arm, leg, and figures, etc.

The system 100 modulates the neuro-coded signals 170 so as to fine-tunemuscle movements in the subject 100. The voltage levels for theneuro-coded signals 170 may not exceed 1 amp in its output electricalenergy for each channel of the signal Note that the system 100 canemploy up to 10 or more channels simultaneously to exert waveformsignals 170 to aid the subject in moving or performing muscular tasks.The neuro-coded signals 170 can be electrically enlarged or reduced asto respective amplitudes and repetitive frequencies. The electrical ormechanically induced noise in the signal employed for treating muscledisorders can be electrically filtered, cleaned, or modified to be moreexact in appearance just like the natural codes. The actual signal 170collected from the muscle of a human or animal that is not impaired canbe made available to an impaired patient.

The system and method disclosed herein can therefore control skeletalmuscles by means of the neuro-coded electrical signal that can bereadily and effectively employed in the treatment of various skeletalmuscle impairments and disorders, including involuntary muscle movement(e.g., spasms and muscle contractions) and partial or full loss ofmuscle movement or control resulting from spinal injuries, multiplesclerosis, cerebral palsy, radiation-induced nerve damage, strokeinduced neuron damage, etc. Without departing from the spirit and scopeof the embodiments, any person ordinarily skilled in the field can makevarious changes and modifications to the embodiments to adapt it tovarious usages and conditions.

Based on the foregoing, it can be appreciated that a variety ofembodiments, preferred and alternative, are disclosed. For example, inan embodiment, a method for controlling skeletal muscles, can beimplemented, which includes the steps of collecting a plurality ofneuro-coded signals that are naturally generated in a body and areoperative in control of at least one skeletal muscle from a nervousnetwork in order to thereafter store the plurality of neuro-codedsignals in a database associated with an electronic device; directlyattaching an implantable muscle control device having at least oneelectrode to an appropriate nerve leading to at least one targetskeletal muscle associated with a subject; and selecting a neuro-codedsignal from the plurality of neuro-coded signal in order to thereafterbroadcast the neuro-coded signal to the implantable device associatedwith the subject via a neuro-code transmission approach in order toactivate and regulate the at least one target skeletal muscle.

In another embodiment, the aforementioned neuro-code transmissionapproach can be a constant voltage approach. In another embodiment, theaforementioned neuro-code transmission approach can be a constantcurrent approach. In yet another embodiment, a step can be implementedfor attaching a positive probe and a negative probe to the nerve orother connecting point on the body, so that current supplied by theelectronic device is consistent and repeatable throughout the deliveryof the neuro-coded signal and a voltage level fluctuates as resistancechanges. In still another embodiment, a step can be implemented forattaching a signal probe to the nerve that is capable of providing apositive and a negative portion of the neuro-coded signal wherein thepositive portion stimulates the nerve.

In other embodiments, a step can be implemented for providing a groundconnection between an interior muscle and an earth ground. In anotherembodiment, a step can be implemented for recording the neuro-codedsignal that operate a sciatic nerve associated with a leg to therebyactivate the target muscle of the leg via the neuro-coded signal. Instill another embodiment, a step can be implemented for electricallyvarying the frequency and the amplitude of the neuro-coded signal so asto cause various movements in order to meet the demand of the nervousnetwork. In yet other embodiments, a step can be implemented forattaching the implantable device to the appropriate nerve in a surgicalprocess so as to arrive in close proximity of the target muscle. Instill another embodiment, the at least one target muscle can comprise,for example, a shoulder muscle, an arm muscle, a hand muscle, a fingermuscle, a leg muscle, etc.

In another embodiment, a system for controlling skeletal muscles can beimplemented. Such a system can include, for example, an electronicdevice in association with a database to collect and store a pluralityof neuro-coded signals that are naturally generated in a body and whichcan be reprogrammed and are operative in control of a skeletal musclefrom a nervous network; an implantable muscle control device having atleast one electrode directly attached to an appropriate nerve leading toat least one target skeletal muscle associated with a subject; and aneuro-code transmission means to broadcast a neuro-coded signal selectedfrom the plurality of neuro-coded signals to the implantable deviceassociated with the subject in order to activate and regulate theaffected target skeletal muscle.

In another embodiment of such a system, a positive probe and a negativeprobe can be attached to the nerve so that a voltage level fluctuates asresistance changes. In yet another embodiment, such a system can includea signal probe that is capable of providing a positive and a negativeportion of the neuro-code signal wherein the positive portion stimulatesthe nerve.

In another embodiment, a method for controlling skeletal muscles can beimplemented, which includes, for example, the steps of collecting aplurality of neuro-coded signals that are naturally generated in a bodyand are operative in control of at least one skeletal muscle from anervous network in order to thereafter store the plurality ofneuro-coded signals in a database associated with an electronic device;directly attaching an implantable muscle control device having at leastone electrode to an appropriate nerve leading to at least one targetskeletal muscle associated with a subject; and selecting a neuro-codedsignal from the plurality of neuro-coded signal in order to thereafterbroadcast the neuro-coded signal to the implantable device associatedwith the subject via a neuro-code transmission approach in order toactivate and regulate the at least one target skeletal muscle, theneuro-code transmission approach comprising a constant voltage approachor a constant current approach.

In another embodiment of such a method, a step can be implemented forproviding a ground connection between an interior muscle and an earthground. In yet another embodiment, a step can be implemented forrecording the neuro-coded signal that operate a sciatic nerve associatedwith a leg to thereby activate the target muscle of the leg via theneuro-coded signal. In still another embodiment, a step can beimplemented for electrically varying frequency and amplitude of theneuro-coded signal so as to cause various movements in order to meet thedemand of the nervous network. In yet another embodiment, a step can beprovided for attaching the implantable device to the appropriate nervein a surgical process so as to arrive in dose proximity of the targetmuscle.

It will be appreciated that variations of the above-disclosed and otherfeatures and functions, or alternatives thereof, may be desirablycombined into many other different systems or applications. Also thatvarious presently unforeseen or unanticipated alternatives,modifications, variations or improvements therein may be subsequentlymade by those skilled in the art which are also intended to beencompassed by the following claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A system for controlling skeletal muscles,comprising: an electronic device and a neuro-code signaling moduleassociated with a database, wherein a plurality of neuro-code signals iscollected and stored in said database, said plurality of neuro-codesignals naturally generated in a body and operative in control of atleast one skeletal muscles from a nervous network, said electronicdevice capable of communicating with said neuro-code signaling module;and an implantable muscle control device having at least one electrodeto a nerve leading to at least one target skeletal muscle associatedwith a subject, said implantable muscle control device implanted in saidsubject and capable of communicating with said electronic device,wherein a neuro-code signal is selected from said plurality ofneuro-code signals and modulated via said neuro-code signaling module tofine-tune muscle movements with respect to said at least one targetskeletal muscle.
 2. The system of claim 1 wherein said neuro-code signalis transmitted via a neuro-code transmission approach to saidimplantable muscle control device to thereby activate and regulate saidat least one target skeletal muscle of said subject.
 3. The system ofclaim 1 wherein said electronic device comprises a scientific computer.4. The system of claim 1 wherein said electronic device comprises acomputer chip comprising a processor for processing instructions fromsaid neuro-code signaling module.
 5. The system of claim 1 wherein saidimplantable muscle control device comprises a computer chip and saidelectrode.
 6. The system of claim 2 wherein said neuro-coded signalincludes a plurality of channels and wherein said neuro-codetransmission approach comprises a constant voltage approach whereinvoltage levels for said neuro-coded signal do not exceed 1 amp in outputelectrical energy for each channel of said plurality of channels of saidneuro-coded signal.
 7. The system of claim 2 wherein said neuro-codetransmission approach comprises a constant current approach.
 8. Thesystem of claim 1 wherein a positive probe and a negative probe areattached to said nerve and/or another connecting point on a body of saidsubject so that current supplied by said electronic device is consistentand repeatable throughout the delivery of said neuro-code signal and avoltage level fluctuates as resistance changes.
 9. The system of claim 1wherein said at least one electrode is placed in association with saidnerve by separating an efferent bundle from an afferent bundle.
 10. Thesystem of claim 1 wherein said at least one electrode is coated withinsulator.
 11. The system of claim 1 wherein a gradation of musclemovement with respect to said at least one skeletal muscle isaccomplished by changes in an applied neuro-code voltage.
 12. A systemfor controlling skeletal muscles, comprising: an electronic device and aneuro-code signaling module associated with a database, wherein aplurality of neuro-code signals is collected and stored in saiddatabase, said plurality of neuro-code signals naturally generated in abody and operative in control of at least one skeletal muscles from anervous network, said electronic device capable of communicating withsaid neuro-code signaling module; and an implantable muscle controldevice having at least one electrode to a nerve leading to at least onetarget skeletal muscle associated with a subject, said implantablemuscle control device implanted in said subject and capable ofcommunicating with said electronic device, wherein a neuro-code signalis selected from said plurality of neuro-code signals and modulated viasaid neuro-code signaling module to fine-tune muscle movements withrespect to said at least one target skeletal muscle, wherein saidneuro-code signal is transmitted via a neuro-code transmission approachto said implantable muscle control device to thereby activate andregulate said at least one target skeletal muscle of said subject. 13.The system of claim 12 wherein said electronic device comprises ascientific computer.
 14. The system of claim 12 wherein said electronicdevice comprises a computer chip comprising a processor for processinginstructions from said neuro-code signaling module.
 15. The system ofclaim 13 wherein said implantable muscle control device comprises acomputer chip and said electrode.
 16. The system of claim 12 whereinsaid neuro-coded signal includes a plurality of channels and whereinsaid neuro-code transmission approach comprises a constant voltageapproach wherein voltage levels for said neuro-coded signal do notexceed 1 amp in output electrical energy for each channel of saidplurality of channels of said neuro-coded signal.
 17. The system ofclaim 12 wherein said neuro-code transmission approach comprises aconstant current approach.
 18. The system of claim 12 wherein a positiveprobe and a negative probe are attached to said nerve and/or anotherconnecting point on a body of said subject so that current supplied bysaid electronic device is consistent and repeatable throughout thedelivery of said neuro-code signal and a voltage level fluctuates asresistance changes.
 19. A system for controlling skeletal muscles,comprising: an electronic device and a neuro-code signaling moduleassociated with a database, wherein a plurality of neuro-code signals iscollected and stored in said database, said plurality of neuro-codesignals naturally generated in a body and operative in control of atleast one skeletal muscles from a nervous network, said electronicdevice capable of communicating with said neuro-code signaling module.20. The system of claim 19 further comprising an implantable musclecontrol device having at least one electrode to a nerve leading to atleast one target skeletal muscle associated with a subject, saidimplantable muscle control device implanted in said subject and capableof communicating with said electronic device, wherein a neuro-codesignal is selected from said plurality of neuro-code signals andmodulated via said neuro-code signaling module to fine-tune musclemovements with respect to said at least one target skeletal muscle,wherein said neuro-code signal is transmitted via a neuro-codetransmission approach to said implantable muscle control device tothereby activate and regulate said at least one target skeletal muscleof said subject.